GREENSTİCK FRACTURE İN CHİLDREN Greenstick fracture is a trauma that is characteristic only to children. In children, the bones are very fragile, but at the same time flexible in comparison with adults, but the envelope covering them is thick and durable, permeated with blood vessels. Specific fractures in children, which in most cases are atypical… Read More »
What is the greenstick fracture? With the help of information that we will give to you in the continuation of our writing, you may be aware of the broken signs and knowing how to intervene in the possible region. Before we start with a broken statement, we can call it a break in the… Read More »
Definition Vena cava’s superior syndrome (VKSS), right vena cava superior (VKS) Clinical findings due to obstruction in atrial discharge and The name given to the group of symptoms. Anatomy and Physiology of superior vena cava syndrome. Vena kava is responsible for venous drainage of superior head, neck, arms and upper thorax and the heart performs a third of the venous conversion. A thin-walled vein for lung and mediastinum (especially to the mid-median line of the anterior mediastinum) It is very sensitive to the pressure of existing lesions. In the obstructive VKS itself, it may be in the big veins vacated in the VCS or in the place where the VCS vacates. Obstruction may be caused by external pressure, intravascular (tumor, thrombus may also occur due to pathologies. Whatever the reason, at VKS Obstruction increases pressure on the venous line, causing a reverse flow. Vena cava super superior obstruction, especially azygous venous system and vena cava inferior to the development of venous collateral circulation opens. Vena kava superior causes acute obstruction of cardiac output temporarily It happens. But within hours, the situation is compensated by collateral circulation. Collateral the veins become dilated within a few weeks and the pressure rising in the upper half of body. It shows a significant fall. This fall is temporary, when the event becomes permanent, over time In the etiology ofVKSS, which was formerly caused by infectious causes such as syphilis and berculosis malignant tumors have been seen more frequently for about 25 years. Responsible for 60-85% of patients with VKSS. More recently than in the past Port catheters used, intravascular devices such as heart valves and implanted defibrillators due to thrombotic complications due to devices (> 30%) increase in VKSS It is monitored. Etiological reasons are summarized. Malignancy is unknown in 60% of cases with malignant VCSF and the first findings are thought to be related to VKSS. Non-small cell lung- Cancer (NSCLC) is the most common cause of VKSS. Her small-cell lung cancer (KHAK). The incidence of non-Hodgkin lymphoma is 10%. Malignant VKSS 95% of the cases consist of lung cancer and non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma patients. Vena Kava Superior Syndrome in Lung Cancer When all lung cancer cases are examined, approximately 4%. In small cell lung cancer, central and mediastinal lymph node involvement , this rate is over 10%. The tumor is located in the upper right lobe or When the mediastina is localized, VKSS develops more frequently due to anatomic proximity (10-15%). In lung cancer, VKSS… Read More »
What is the cleidocranial dysplasia? Dysplasia is abnormal tissue development that can lead to cancer if it is cancerous. In the medical field, stage 0 (stage 0) is also known as cancer, another change can also be used to indicate that cancer may be the beginning. Organ Dysplasia: An anomaly that causes deterioration of the… Read More »
Definition of Fracture Depending on the strength of the fracture-affecting forces in the bone and the ability of the bone to absorb the odor, it is possible to break a small crack (fissure), one or more bones; Even in the joints adjacent to the dislocation accompanied by (blink-dislocation) may vary. The force that makes the kidney not only breaks the bone, but it can also injure the skin, muscles, tendons, ligaments, veins, nerves and neighboring organs around the bone. The localities of the fractures and the fractures are different according to the ages. Birth trauma in newborns are the main causes of falls in children, beatings and traffic accidents, sports and traffic accidents in young people, traffic and work accidents in middle ages, and falling falls and tumoral events in older ages. In newborns, clavicle, femur and humerus are mostly broken due to birth trauma. In children, the humerus supracondylar fractures, especially the elbow circumference and forearm bones and femur body are mostly broken. Tibia, femur and radial distress are the most common fractures in young and middle ages. Femur neck, trochanteric region, proximal humerus, and radial disti- ment are the most common fractures seen in older ages. Broken types and classification 1) According to the bone tissue strength: Normal bone (traumatic) fracture (Pathological) fracture in diseased bone Stress (fatigue) 2) According to whether or not the fracture line is related to the external environment through the skin surrounding the bone or mucosa: Closed fractures Open fractures 3) According to the fracture-forming force: Fractures with direct mechanism Fractures with indirect mechanism Fractures with direct and indirect mechanism combination 4) According to the number of fractures: One broken line Multiple broken line 5) According to the degree of brokenness and broken line: A) Depleted fractures Transverse fracture Oblique fracture Spiral fracture Breaking fracture Fractured fracture B) Non-depleted fractures Crack (fissure, linear fracture) Age tree (green stick) Torus fracture Crumb fractures Compression (compression) fractures Impacted fractures Unexplained fractures of the epiphysis 6) According to the anatomical localization of the molar in the bone: Proximal site fractures (proximal epiphyseal and metaphyseal region, trochanteric, femoral neck, tibia condyle, collum syrup, etc.) Shaft fractures (diaphysis region, expressed as 1/3 upper, 1/3 middle, 1/3 lower region) Distal zone fractures (Distal epiphyseal and metaphyseal region, suprachondia, malleoler, pilon, Colles, etc Pineal region fractures (In children, epiphyseal and metaphyseal fractures affecting the physis line before the fizzles are closed) Broken – dislocations (Broken with broken bone in joint joined joints) According to the histological structure of the broken bone: … Read More »
WHAT İS A DOCTOR? The profession of a doctor is one of the oldest and most necessary. At any time of the year, anywhere in the world, every person almost every day needs a doctor or a doctor’s advice. A doctor is a person, who treats, cures ill people with all of the knowledge and… Read More »
What is Kernicterus? Kernicterus is a brain damage caused by the negative effect of insoluble bilirubin on the nuclei of the cranial nerves. The disease is rarely seen and progresses only in newborn children. When bilirubin reaches high levels, it can spread to the brain and neurological damage may occur. High level of bilirubin also… Read More »
Which people often encounter Greenstick Fracture? A greenstick fracture defines a fracture which occurs in the soft bones. So, we can say that this problem is mostly seen in children and infants because their bones are flexible, soft and young. It is called by green because of the similarity with the breaking of a wood… Read More »
How does the Cleidocranial Dysplasia affect? Cleidocranial Dysplasia usually affects the teeth and the collarbones. The absence or inadequate development clavicle bones causes this disease. As a result of this disease, the shoulders become close to each other, deformities occur in the bones of the head; teeth do not collapse or develop insufficiently. One of… Read More »
What is kernicterus? During the first days and months of a newborn’s life, he has to get used to the new conditions of life outside the mother’s body. At this time, parents need to take care and close attention for him. In the medical practice of pediatricians – doctors specializing in the physiology and pathology… Read More »